The use of medical marijuana became legal in Nevada in 2001, and state-certified medical marijuana establishments, like dispensaries, became operational in 2015. As of September 1, 2018, the tribal medical marijuana program is administered by the Tribal Marijuana Enforcement Division of Nevada.

As part of marijuana legalization, the state of Nevada and the Tribes within Nevada are responsible for regulating businesses that participate in the marijuana industry. Only businesses licensed by the state, or the individual tribes, for marijuana operations are legally allowed to grow, manufacture, test, distribute, or sell marijuana in Nevada. Consumers may only legally buy retail marijuana from a state-licensed or tribal-licensed retail store.